Brake foe vehicles



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet l.

A. PAUL.

BRAKE FOR VEHIGLES,

No. 421,607. Patented Ieb. 18, 1890.

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' (No Model.) 2 Sheefs-Sheet 2.

A. PAUL. BRAKE FOR VEHICLES.

NO. 4215607. Patented Feb. 18, 1890.

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' carries below the cart a chain or L to whlch the ends of two pieces of ehain or rope are hxed, the other ends of which are at- UNITED STATES ALBERT PAUL, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO AUGUST VON DER HEYDEN, OF SAME PLACE.

BRAKE FOR VEHlCLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 421,607, dated February 18. 1890.

Application filed March 1 8, l8 8 9.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT PAUL, of the city of Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brakes for Street and Railway Vehicles, of which I declare the following to be a full and true description.

This invention relates to the con struction of a brake for ordinary street-vehicles, and rail- IO way and tramway cars or carriages, the object of which is to produce a gradual or a sudden braking of the vehicle by employing a proportionately slight force or power. The con struction of the brake is very simple, and may be applied to any vehicle without making essential alterations.

' In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 represent the construction of a brake according to my invention applied to an 01'- 2o d nary spring cart or van. Fig. 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a cart with the brake applied to the same. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same, with the upper part of the vehicle removed and the unimportant parts of the 2 5 frame omitted.

f; The transmission of power to the brake takes place, as usual, from the coachmans seat by Ineansofv a crank a, the spindle aof which rope pulley igz tached to the free ends of the long arms 0 c "of the shear-levers, which are made in the form of bell-crank levers, and carry at the ends of the other arms d d the brake-blocks e e, which are suitably articulated to the said arms. The chain 1) runs over a rotary roller b attached to the frame-work of the vehicle, so that by operatlngthe crank a an opposite movement 0 that is, a closing or approaching of the arms I -c cof the shear-leversis produced, whereby, on the other hand, the brake-blocks e e are pressed onto the tires of the hind wheels rr. T e fulcrum f of the shear-lever lies on the same level with the rear axle g of the Vehicle, and has its bearings in the bifurcated carrier h, wh1ch is securely attached to the axle q.

-As soon as the crank a, has been released, the brakeblocks e e are immediately released by 50. avolute,sp1ral or other spring 11, arranged between the lever-arms c c. The lever-arms d Serial No. 308,704. (No model.)

(1' are guided in the carriers 7.: 7t, attached to the frame-work of the vehicle. The arrangement of the brake-blocks on the shearlike levers renders it possible that by exercising a comparatively light power on the crank a an enormous force can be exercised on the wheels a ratchet-wheel similar to those employed with the ordinary tram-car brakes, into which a pawl. pivoted to the flooring or other part of the car or carriage gears, so as to keep the brake partially or fully applied to the wheels when driving down an incline or when the car is left standing in the street witlnni I, attendance.

The arrangement of the rollers or pulleys for transferring the force exerted on the crank to the lever-arms can be modified according to requirements without departing from the nature of my invention.

Figs. 3 to 7 relate to a modification of my.

invention as applied to railway and tramway vehicles. Fig. 3 is the side view of a railway goods-car with my improved brake applied to the same. Fig. at is a plan or top view with the upper part of the car removed. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the guide-block for the brakelever. Fig. 6 represents a modified arrangement of the brake for simultaneously lnraking the wheels of the vehicle from both sides. Fig. 7 represents a further modification of my improved brake.

In the brake construction represented by Figs. 3 and 4, and in which the brake-blocks E only operate on one side of the wheels, the said brake-blocks are attached to the short arms D of bell-crank levers which are arranged to turn 011 the pivot F, carried in a suitable bearing beneath the frame of the ve hicle. The ends of the long let-charms O of I the said bell-crank lever are connected by suitable articulated rods or arms B to the main brake-rod A, running longitudinally under the frame of the vehicle, which, when operated,

will trai. n i i. I he force exercised by an ordinary brake-spindle, a vacuum, air or other brake to the levers. No special mechanism for operating the lever combination being claimed, it is considered unnecessary to represent the same in the accompanying drawings or describe the same in this specification.

The parts of my improved brake are so ar ranged that the brake-blocks will be applied, it being inunzuerial in which direction the rod A is moved, as the arms B will cause the ends of the i my, leveuarms G to approach each other anu apply the brake-blocks E to the tires of the wheels, not only when the said arms are moved in the one but also in the reverse direction. The shortlever-armsD are, as represented in Figs. 1 and 2, supported by appropriate bearings K, provided with horizontal guide-slots K, Fig. 5.

In the construction shown in Fig. 6 the bl'fLkG'iJlHl'h'S E are applied to both sides of the Winn-n that the same can be braked in shorter time than by any other system and without Mu. usual unfavorable one-sided action on the tires. The movement of the brake blocks is effected by shear-like bell-crank levers C I) C D arranged pairwise above each other and turning on a pivot F, fixed in the lower rail or rod H. The bell-crank levers are in this case, as also in the construction represented by Figs. 3 and =1, connected to the braking-rod A by means of the pivot G. Awarding to this construction two pairs of bell-eranlc lovers 0 D G I) are employed for each pair of wheels, which are braked from both sides. It is in this case also desirable to employ the bearings K for supporting and guiding the lever-arms I) D Fig. 7 rel ates to a modified arrangement according to which the arms B are replaced by chains 13 which connect the ends of the lever-arms C C and run through guide-rollers J, so that when the same are moved backward oi forward the arms 0 C of the bellcrank l. iil'llC caused to approach each other and the brake-blocks attached to the arms D D of l. hid bell-crank lever pressed onto the wheels. I l necessary, the bell-crank lovers can be stiffened by stays L. (Shown by the dotted lines in, Fig.

By em loying lever-arms C O of correspondiug length l am able to produce not only a veny powerful braking action by using comparatively little force, buta very rapid application of the brake-blocks, whereas the arrangement u ings, as the same can be modified in many ways without departing from the nature of my said invention.

Having 110w particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In a brake for railway and tramway ve hicles, the combination, with the brake-shoes,

shears-like levers, of the chain-disk and chain for drawing together the arms of said levers and brake-blocks, and a spring foncausing the brake-block levers to recede from each other, thereby releasing the brake-blocks from the wheels, substantially as set forth.

8. A brake which canbe applied to one or both sides of the wheels of railway and tramway vehiclcs, consisting of the brake-blocks,

brakeblock levers, rod A, running longitudi-.

nally under the vehicle for actuating the said levers, and articulated arms or a chain con-.

meeting said levers and engaged by the rod, said brake-blocks being applied to the wheels regardless of the direction in which the red A is moved, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT PAUL. j

Witnesses:

ANTHONY STEFFEN, FRED J. DowNINe. 

